1965 José Ramírez "1aF AM" CD/CY

This 1965 José Ramírez "1aF AM" is a cedar-top flamenco guitar with cypress back and sides, built in Madrid by Antonio Martínez – a guitar from the Russell Cleveland collection, featured in "The Classical Guitar – A Complete History".

A Golden-Era Ramírez Flamenco

Countless professionals have performed on instruments from the famous José Ramírez III workshop over the past half century and more – think of Sting and Segovia, Sabicas and Chet Atkins, or Lee Ritenour and Christopher Parkening. It is stamped internally with the builder's initials, "AM" (Antonio Martínez), the same maker who built Ramírez guitars for Segovia and Parkening (for a complete list of Ramírez luthiers from this era, click here). It is similar in design to the Ramírez that Sabicas would use later in his career.

Sound and Condition

This is an extraordinary example of an older concert flamenco from the golden era of Ramírez, and it is in incredible condition – with no damage or repairs. Light and comfortable to hold, it has a dry, aggressive, old-world flamenco sound. Of note – it was built the very first year that Ramírez made cedar tops available to the public. The label is dated 1965. An excellent example of a fine Ramírez for either collector or concert player.

From the Russell Cleveland Collection

From the Russell Cleveland collection, and featured on pages 88–89 of the book "The Classical Guitar – A Complete History". This is one of the last three guitars to leave the Cleveland collection – read the story here!

More reading on our blog: The Ramírez Family: Masters of the Guitar, The José Ramírez Dynasty (from Amalia back to José I) and some interesting fact-checking in José Ramírez: myths and facts.

The José Ramírez Workshop of Madrid

Founded in Madrid in 1882 by José Ramírez I, the Ramírez workshop has produced guitars for more than a century and through five generations of the family. José Ramírez III (1922–1995) took over as maestro in 1957 and developed the Ramírez concert guitar we know today – large in body, with a long string length and a cedar or spruce top, with great power, sustain, sweetness and balance across the entire register. He popularized western red cedar as a soundboard wood, and from the 1960s Andrés Segovia played José Ramírez guitars to the end of his days.

Ramírez Craftsmen and the Next Generations

From the 1960s to the 1990s the workshop trained many of the most talented guitarreros of the day, among them Paulino Bernabé and Manuel Contreras. In 1995 the shop moved from Calle Concepción Jerónima 2 to Calle de la Paz 8, and since the death of José Ramírez IV in June 2000 the business has been directed by his sister, Amalia Ramírez, who inspects every guitar during and after construction.

Ramírez Models, Labels and Builders' Stamps

For decades the workshop sold its guitars by class rather than by model name. The "1a" (first class) was the standard concert guitar; the "2a" (second class) was built the same way, and the shop explained its lower price tag by materials that might have minor aesthetic blemishes, or by its having been built by an apprentice rather than a foreman. Flamenco guitars add an "F" – "1aF" and "2aF". Until 1967 the labels carried only the year; from 1967 they were signed by José Ramírez III and gave the guitar's number and class, and from 1973 the 2a had a grey label of its own, with a red border and "R" numbers. Until 1971, many Ramírez guitars were stamped inside with the initials of the craftsman who built them – AM for Antonio Martínez, MT for Mariano Tezanos, PB for Paulino Bernabé and many more (see our list of Ramírez workshop luthiers). Later decades brought new models: the "Centenario", which roughly marked the workshop's hundredth anniversary; the "Da Cámara"; the shorter-scale C86 of 1986; and, under José Ramírez IV, the "Tradicional" and the "Especial".